Herbs; stems ascending, sparingly branched, about 25 cm. high, rooting at the lower nodes, upwardly strigose; petioles up to 4 cm. long, winged, strigose; leaf blades oblong-lanceolate, up to 12 cm. long and 4 cm. wide, obtuse to obtusish at apex, narrowed at base, thin, entire, both surfaces thinly strigose except the costa, this densely so, the hairs about 0.5 mm, long, the costa and veins (7 or 8 pairs) banded by a narrow area of white or yellow; flowers borne in terminal, peduncled spikes, these 2 cm. long and 1.5 cm. broad, the peduncle 3 cm. long, both peduncle and rachis appressed-pubescent; bracts imbri- cate, somewhat spreading, ovate, 1 cm. long, 4.5 mm. wide, acute or obtusish at apex, bearing toward the tip 2 or 3 small triangular as- cending teeth, 7-nerved, softly appressed-pubescent; bractlets broadly lanceolate, 6.5 mm, long, 2.25 mm. wide, acuminate, hyaline and finely parallel-nerved, glabrous except the opaque pubescent costa; calyx segments lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, subhyaline, finely parallel- nerved, minutely ciliolate with gland-tipped hairs, the posterior seg ment 6 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, the anterior pair slightly shorter, 1 mm. wide, the lateral pair 5 mm. long and 0.5 mm. wide; corolla 2.5 em. long, sparingly pubescent, the tube narrow, 2 mm, in diameter at base, 4 mm. at throat, the lobes suborbicular, subequal, about 3 or 4 mm. long; stamens included; capsule not seen. Type in the herbarium of the Riksmuseet, Stockholm, collected in the primitive forest of El Tambo, La Costa, Department of Cauca, Colombia, 800 meters altitude, July 31, 1936, by Kjell von Sneidern (No. 923). Fragment of type in the U. S. National Herbarium. A remote relationship exists between Aphelandra silvicola and A. mollis (Nees) Leonard, as suggested by a similarity of size, growth and character of the inflorescence. The two species should not be confused, however, because of the ovate-cordate leaf blades of 4. mollis. The color of the corolla of A. silvicola is not apparent in the dried herbarium material.